Foreign Relations of the United States

The Conferences at Washington, 1941-1942


CONTENTS

  Page
Preface III
List of Illustrations XI
Introduction XIII
List of Abbreviations, Symbols, and Code Names  
List of Papers XXVII
  I. The First Washington Conference  
1. Pre-Conference Papers 3
II Proceedings of the Conference: 61
  Monday, December 22, 1941  
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting, evening 63
    Arnold-Portal meeting, evening 65
  Tuesday, December 23, 1941  
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting, forenoon 67
    Meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill with their military advisers, 4:45 p.m. 69
    Dinner party of the American and British military leaders, 7:30 p.m. 80
    Roosevelt-Churchill dinner meeting, evening 81
  Wednesday, December 24, 1941  
    Stimson-Churchill meeting, morning 81
    Meeting of the United States and British Chiefs of Staff, 10:30 a.m. 82
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting, 6 p.m. 90
  Thursday, December 25, 1941  
    Meeting of the United States and British Chiefs of Staff, 4 p.m. 90
    Meeting of Roosevelt with his military advisers, 5:30 p.m. 94
  Friday, December 26, 1941  
    Meeting of the United States and British Chiefs of Staff, 3 p.m. 96
    Roosevelt-Beaverbrook meeting, 3:30 p.m. 98
    Meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill with their military advisers, 4:30 p.m. 100
    Hull-Mackenzie King meeting, afternoon 106
    Roosevelt-Churchill-Mackenzie King meeting, late afternoon 107
    Roosevelt-Churchill dinner meeting, evening 107
  Saturday, December 27, 1941  
    Churchill-Marshall meeting, forenoon 108
    Meeting of Roosevelt with certain military advisers, 10 a.m. 109
    Hull-Mackenzie King meeting, forenoon 111
    Roosevelt-Churchill-Litvinov luncheon meeting, 1 p.m. 112
    Meeting of the United States and British Chiefs of Staff, 3 p.m. 113
    Meetings of Roosevelt and Churchill with the chiefs of various diplomatic missions, afternoon 117
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting, 6 p.m. 124
    Roosevelt-Litvinov meeting, evening 124
    Hull-Mackenzie King dinner meeting, evening 125
  Sunday, December 28, 1941  
    Meeting of Roosevelt with his military advisers, 11:45 a.m. 125
    Roosevelt-Churchill-Hull meeting, afternoon 131
  Monday, December 29, 1941  
    Meeting of Hull with certain of his advisers, morning 132
    Roosevelt-Loudon meeting, 12 noon 133
    Hull-Litvinov meeting, 12:30 p.m. 133
    Stimson-Hopkins-Marshall meeting, 2:30 p.m. 134
    Meeting of the United States production leaders with the British Minister of Supply, 2:30 p.m. 135
    Meeting of the United States and British Chiefs of Staff 137
    Churchill-Hopkins telephone conversation, 6:45 p.m. 140
  Tuesday, December 30, 1941  
    Meeting of the United States and British Chiefs of Staff, 3 p.m. 141
  Wednesday, December 31, 1941  
    Meeting of the United States and British Chiefs of Staff, 2 p.m. 144
    Stimson-Soong meeting, afternoon 148
    Roosevelt-Hull telephone conversation, 4 p.m. 149
  Thursday, January 1, 1942  
    Roosevelt-Churchill-Litvinov luncheon meeting 150
    Meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill with their military advisers, about 6 p.m. 152
    Meeting for signing the Declaration by United Nations, 10 p.m. 156
  Friday, January 2, 1942  
    Roosevelt-Churchill-Hull meeting, 11:40 a.m. 156
    Meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill with their advisers on shipping, noon 157
  Saturday, January 3, 1942  
    Roosevelt-Churchill luncheon meeting 158
    Meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill with their advisers on war production, about 5 p.m. 158
  Sunday, January 4, 1942  
    Arnold conversations with Hopkins, Roosevelt, and Churchill 159
    Meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill with their military advisers, 5:30 p.m. 161
  Tuesday, January 6, 1942  
    Hopkins-Litvinov luncheon meeting 170
  Saturday, January 10, 1942  
    Meeting of the United States and British Chiefs of Staff, 3 p.m. 171
  Sunday, January 11, 1942  
    Meeting of the United States and British Chiefs of Staff, 4 p.m. 175
    Roosevelt-Marshall meeting, 5:30 p.m. 181
    Meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill with their advisers on war production, 9:30 p.m. 181
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting, evening 181
  Monday, January 12, 1942  
    Meeting of the United States and British Chiefs of Staff, 4 p.m. 182
    Meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill with their military advisers, 5:30 p.m. 185
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting, evening 195
  Tuesday, January 13, 1942  
    Meeting of the United States and British Chiefs of Staff, 4 p.m. 197
  Wednesday, January 14, 1942  
    Meeting of the United States and British Chiefs of Staff, 3 p.m. 201
    Roosevelt-Hopkins-Marshall meeting, about 5 p.m. 202
    Meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill with their military advisers, 5:30 p.m. 203
    Roosevelt-Churchill dinner meeting, evening 208
3. Conference Documents and Supplementary Papers:  
    A. Military Strategy and Command:  
         (1) Grand Strategy; Establishment of the Combined Chiefs of Staff 210
         (2) The War Against Germany and Italy 234
         (3) The War Against Japan 265
    B. War Production and Allocation 327
    C. Declaration by United Nations 362
    D. St. Pierre and Miquelon 377
    E. The Free French Movement in the United States 404
    F. Control of Telecommunication Facilities 405
    G. Economic Aid to Spain 413
    H. Sovereignty of Leased Bases 415
 
  II. The Second Washington Conference  
4. Pre-Conference Papers 419
5. Proceedings of the Conference:  
  Friday, June 19, 1942  
    Marshall-Churchill meeting, morning 422
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 12:30 p.m. 422
    Informal meeting of American and British military leaders, 2 p.m. 426
    Roosevelt-Churchill conversations, afternoon 428
  Saturday, June 20, 1942  
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 11 a.m. 429
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting, afternoon 432
    Roosevelt-Churchill-Harriman conversation, afternoon 433
  Sunday, June 21, 1942  
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting, morning and afternoon 433
    Hopkins-Brooke conversation, 4:30 p.m. 435
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting with American and British staff officers, 9:30 p.m. 436
  Monday, June 22, 1942  
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting, 11:10 a.m. 436
    Roosevelt-Churchill-Soong meeting, 12:35 p.m. 438
    Roosevelt-Churchill conversation, 1:02 p.m. 439
    Roosevelt-Churchill luncheon conversation, 1:15 p.m. 439
    Roosevelt-Churchill conversation, 2:30 p.m. 440
  Tuesday, June 23, 1942  
    Meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill with their shipping advisers, 11:30 a.m. 440
    Roosevelt-Churchill luncheon meeting, 1 p.m. 443
    Meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill with their military advisers, 2:40 p.m. 443
    Roosevelt-Churchill-Duke of Windsor meeting, 5 p.m. 443
  Wednesday, June 24, 1942  
    Meeting of Roosevelt and Churchill with King Peter of Yugoslavia, evening 444
  Thursday, June 25, 1942  
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 9:30 a.m. 445
    Marshall-Dill-Brooke luncheon 448
    Meeting of the Pacific War Council, 12:30 p.m. 448
    Hopkins-Mackenzie King conversation, afternoon 453
    Roosevelt-Churchill conversation, 2:30 p.m. 453
    Roosevelt-Hopkins-Churchill dinner 454
VI Conference Documents and Supplementary Papers 455
 
  III. The Casablanca Conference  
7. Pre-Conference Papers 487
8. The Presidents' Log at Casablanca, January 14-25, 1943 521
9. Proceedings of the Conference:  
  Thursday, January 14, 1943  
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 10:30 a.m. 536
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 2:30 p.m. 547
    Roosevelt-Churchill conversation, about 7 p.m. 557
    Roosevelt-Churchill dinner meeting, about 8 p.m. 557
  Friday, January 15, 1943  
    Meeting of Roosevelt with the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 10 a.m. 558
    Roosevelt-Churchill luncheon meeting, 1:30 p.m. 563
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 2:30 p.m. 563
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff with Roosevelt and Churchill, 5:30 p.m. 573
    Roosevelt-Leathers conversation, 7 p.m. 578
  Saturday, January 16, 1943  
    Roosevelt-Churchill conversation, 9:55 a.m. 579
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 10:30 a.m. 580
    Meeting of Roosevelt with the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 5 p.m. 594
  Sunday, January 17, 1943  
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 10:30 a.m. 601
    Roosevelt-Noguès conversation, noon 606
    Roosevelt-Churchill luncheon, 1:30 p.m. 609
    Roosevelt-Giraud conversation, 4:20 p.m. 609
    Roosevelt-Churchill dinner, 8 p.m. 612
  Monday, January 18, 1943  
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 10:30 a.m. 613
    Roosevelt-Churchill luncheon meeting, 1:15 p.m. 626
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff with roosevelt and Churchill, 5 p.m. 627
  Tuesday, January 19, 1943  
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 10 a.m. 637
    Hopkins-Harriman-Poniatowski meeting, morning 641
    Hopkins-Churchill conversation, morning 642
    Roosevelt-Tedder meeting, 11:25 a.m. 644
    Roosevelt-Giraud conversation, noon 644
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 4 p.m. 647
    Roosevelt-Churchill conversation, 11:20 p.m. 655
  Wednesday, January 20, 1943  
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 10 a.m. 655
    Roosevelt-Churchill luncheon, 1 p.m. 662
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 2:30 p.m. 663
    Roosevelt-Churchill-Giraud conversation, 5 p.m. 666
    Churchill-Roosevelt dinner, 7:45 p.m. 666
    Churchill-Eaker luncheon meeting 666
  Thursday, January 21, 1943  
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 10 a.m. 667
    Roosevelt-Churchill conversation, 6:25 p.m. 669
  Friday, January 22, 1943  
    Hopkins-Churchill conversation, 9:45 a.m. 679
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 10:15 a.m. 680
    Hopkins-Harriman-Mountbatten luncheon meeting 686
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 2:30 p.m. 687
    Roosevelt dinner party, 7:40 p.m. 692
    Murphy-de Gaulle conversation, about 10 p.m. 693
    Roosevelt-de Gaulle conversation, 10:20 p.m. 694
    Roosevelt-Churchill conversation, 11:15 p.m. 696
  Saturday, January 23, 1943  
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 10 a.m. 697
    Murphy-Giraud conversation 700
    Hopkins-el Mokhri conversation 701
    Roosevelt-Churchill luncheon meeting, 1:30 p.m. 704
    Murphy-de Gaulle conversation, afternoon 705
    WIlbur-de Gaulle conversation, 4 p.m. 705
    Informal America-British conversations, 3:50-5:30 p.m. 707
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff with Roosevelt and Churchill, 5:30 p.m. 707
    Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 9:30 p.m. 719
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting, evening 722
  Sunday, January 24, 1943  
    Murphy-Giraud conversation, morning 723
    Hopkins-Macmillan conversation, morning 723
    Roosevelt-Giraud conversation, 11:05 a.m. 723
    Roosevelt-de Gaulle conversation, 11:40 a.m. 724
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting with de Gaulle and Giraud, about noon 725
    Roosevelt-Churchill press conference, 12:15 p.m. 725
    Roosevelt-Churchill dinner, 8 p.m. (Marrakech) 731
    Roosevelt-Churchill meeting, about midnight (Marrakech) 732
10. Conference Documents and Supplementary Papers:  
    Military Strategy and Command 733
    French North Africa 809
    Statement to the Press and the Communiqué 829
XI Index of Subjects 853
XI Index of Persons 875


List of Illustrations

Photographs

(These photographs will be found in a group following page 483.)

  Plate
Prime Minister Churchill and party on board H.M.S. Duke of York in the North Atlantic, December 1941 1
Prime Minister Churchill addressing a joint session of the Congress, December 26, 1941 2
Prime Minister Churchill and Mr. Harry Hopkins at the White House, January 1942 3
Secretary of State Hull and principal officers of the Department of State, 1942 4
President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill, and Prime Minister Mackenzie King with members of the Pacific War Council, Washington, June 25, 1942 5
General Marshall, Field Marshal Dill, Prime Minister Churchill, and Secretary of War Stimson, Fort Jackson, South Caroline, June 24, 1942 6
President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill with the United States and British Chiefs of Staff, Casablanca, January 18, 1943 7
President Roosevelt and General Giraud, with their aides, Casablanca, January 19, 1943 8
President Roosevelt with his military and civilian advisers, Casablanca, January 20, 1943 9
President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill, and the Sultan of Morocco with other guests before a dinner party, Casablanca, January 22, 1943 10
President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill, General Giraud and Major General de Gaulle, Casablanca, January 24, 1943 11
President Roosevelt and prime Minister Churchill at their press conference, Casablanca, January 24, 1943 12

Documents in Facsimile

  Page
Draft telegram by Prime Minister Churchill to Mr. Clement Attlee 277
Draft memorandum by General George C. Marshall 283
Draft of the Casablanca Communiqué 842


PREFACE

This volume of documents on the conferences at Washington (1941-1942) and Casablanca (1943) is published in continuation of the special series of Foreign Relations volumes on the World War II conferences attended by President Roosevelt or President Truman, along with Prime Minister Churchill or Marshal Stalin, or both of the latter. Volumes previously published in this series were entitled The Conferences at Cairo and Tehran, 1943; The Conferences at Malta and Yalta, 1945; and The Conference of Berlin (The Potsdam Conference), 1945. COnferences till to be covered in this series are those at Washington in 1943 and Quebec in 1943 and 1944.

The principal compilers and editors of the present volume were Fredrick Aandahl, William M. Franklin, and William Slany. Substantial work was done on the initial collecting of documents for this volume by Edwin S. Costrell, S. Everett Gleason, and Isaac A. Stone. The volume was reviewed by the undersigned.

The technical editing of the volume was the responsibility of the Publishing and Reproduction Services Division, Jerome H. Perlmutter, Chief.

In order to make this volume as complete and accurate as possible, the editors supplemented the data available in the Department of State by obtaining source material and information on these conferences from a number of individuals and agencies outside the Department. The Historical Office would like to express its sincere appreciation for this assistance. particular acknowledgment is made of the extensive help received form the Historical Division of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and form the Franklin D. Roosevelt Library at Hyde Park, New York. Quotations from certain of the books and manuscript collections listed in the Introduction to the volume have been made with the kind permission of the respective publishers and archival authorities. The photographs were supplied through the courtesy of the British Central Office of Information, the Library of Congress, the National Archives, the Franklin D. Roosevelt Library, and the U.S. Army Photographic Agency.

WILLIAM M. FRANKLIN
Director, Historical Office
Bureau of Public Affairs

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